Loom.



W. F ASTLEY.,

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5.191s.

11. ,28,973n Patented Nov. 19, 1918.

INVENTOR MEG WITNESSES MMW W. F. ASTLEY.

WITNESSES INVENTOR WMOZWW Q w 5 55. r

W. F. ASTLEY.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 5. 19MB v 1 ,QMJB NB Patented Nov. 19,1918.

6 SHEETS -SHEEI 3.

, INVENTOR VLHTNESSES W. F. AS'TLEY.

, LOOM.

APPLICATIQN LED JULY 5,1916- I L297$ v Patented Nov. 19, 1918.

6 SHEETS-SHEEI 4.

INVENTOR W. F. ASTLEY.

LOOM. I APPLICATION man mus, 191s.

Patnted Nov. 19, 1918,

Q SHEETS-SHE 5.

WITNESSES INVENTOR w. F. ASTLEY.

I LOOM.

APPLICATION FILEDJQLY 5,19l6.

Patented Nov. 19, 1918.

6 SHEETSSHEET 6 WITNESSES j v INVENTOFI canton WILLIAM F. ASTLEY, 9FPITTSBURGH,' PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO DUQUESNE RUG COIVLPANY, 0FPITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

LOOM.

Application filed July 5, 1918.

To (/Z/ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, YILLIAM F. As'rLuY, a citizen of the United States,residing at Pittsburgh. Allegheny county, State of lenusvlvania, ha vcinvented a new and useful improvement in Looms. of which the following afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in whichFigure l is a front elevation of one form of loom built is aecordaiuzewith my invention. I

Fig. 2 is an end view thereof.

Figs. 3 and a are diagrams illustrating the warp controllii'ig-mechanismin different positions.

Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of one of the tuft warp guide barsand a portion of its operating mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional view through one of the tuft warp guidebars.

Fig. 7 is a detail perspective view of one of the reeds.

Fig. 8 is a. detailed sectional view illustrating the warp feeding rolloperating mechanism and a portion of the tuft warp guide bar operatingmechanism.

Fig. 9 is a detail plan view of one of the levers for actuating the warpguides.

Fig. 10 a side elevation of a portion of one of the fabric gage bars,and

Fig. 11. is a longitudinal sectional view through a portion of thefinished fabric.

This invention relates to an improvement in looms for weaving door matsfrom cocoais designed to provide a cheap and etticient device of thischaracter for weaving a double pile fabric having a plurality of tuftingwarp threads woven into both of said fabrics, and which ar'e'severed toform two pieces of fabric having cut tuft threads projecting upwardlyfrom one face thereof.

Various attempts have heretofore been made to weave mats of thischaracter by machine, but as far as I am aware no one had been able tosuccessfully weave mats of a good trade on an auton'iatic loom, in viewof the t that the threads from which the mats in i: made have been socumbersome that no a I ilt?3'ti--.- (Jl't! designed meehanisn'i to nutfiber. and

Specification 0;. Letters Patent,

I of connecting rods Patented Nov, 19, iWLS,

Serial No. 107,509.

properly handle the threads to form a closely woven mat, and for thisreason all high grade mats have heretofore been made by hand.

The-precise nature of my invention will be best understood by referenceto the accompanying drawings, which will now be described, it beingpremised, however, that various changes may be made in the details ofconstruction of the apparatus Without departing from the spirit andscope of my invention as defined in the appended claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, the reference character 2designates the frame of a well known type of loom having the usual lay 3pivotally mounted on a shaft 4- mounted in the frame This lay isoperated in the usual manner by means of cranks 5 connected to a shaft 6which is journaled in the frame of-the machine, and which cranks areconnected to the lay by means '7; to oscillate the lay in the usualmanner. This lay is provided with, a. plurality of improved reeds 8,more specifically referred to hereinafter, and which are arranged toguide'both sets of binder warp threads, and also to form separatorsbetween the binder warp threads and the tufting warp threads. Mounted oneach end of the lay two shuttle boxes 9 for the shuttles for the weftthreads for the double fabric, and which shuttles are thrown by theusual levers 10. 11 guides on the lay between the shuttle boxes and arearranged to guide the upper shuttle to a point. adjacent to the upperset of warp threads, the lower shuttle being guided in the usual manneron the top of the beam of the lay. 12, 12 12 and 12 are hedlle frameshaving double eyed heddles for guiding the binder warp threads for thedouble fabric, and which heddle frames are reciprocated in the usualmanner by the mechanism 13 which is actuated by the usual cams 14, onthe shaft 15. 16 and 17 are warp beams for the binder warp threads ofthe double fabric, the threads from the upper beam 16 are arranged toform the lower ply of the fabric, while the warp threads on the beam 17form the upper ply of the fabric.

in the drawings Ll have shown four heddle frames, each of which isprovided with 12, respectively. I do this in order to relieve the strainon the heddle frames, so that each frame controls one-fourth of all I ofthe binder warp threads. It will be read ily understood by thosefamiliar with the art. that, if desired, the binder warp threads for thetwo plies of the fabric might be guided by .means of double eyed heddlesin two heddle frames, or single eyed heddles in four heddle frames, butI prefer to use four heddle frames with double eyed heddles in order torelieve the strain.

Connected to the frame of the machine by means of rods 18 are gage bars19 having teeth 20. These gage bars extend in a longitudinal directionbetween some of the binder warp threads and extend to a point beyond thelay and form gage bars for spacing the upper ply of fabric from thelower ply of fabric, and determining the length of the tuft threadsbetween the two plies of the fabric.

In order to lay the tufting warp threads about the weft in the upper.and lower plies of the fabric, I provide a plurality of tufting warpguide bars 21, each having an eye 22 through which the threads pass, andmounted within these eyes are rollers 23 to overcome friction of thetufting warp threads passing through the eyes. These .tufting warp guidebars are connected at one end'to a; rod 24 which is connected at tuftingits ends to angle levers 25 which are pivoted at 26 to the frame of themachine,.and are arranged to pass the tufting warp threads below bothplies of the fabric after one throw of the shuttles, and then. placethem. above both plies of the fabric after,

the next throw of the shuttles.

The-tufting warp thread guide bars are preferably provided withdownwardly extending arms 27 the lower ends of which are always belowthe warp threads of the lower ply of the fabric, and are arranged toform guides to retain the various threads in their longitudinalpositions. The reeds 8 are provided with slots 28 through which thebinder warp threads of both plies of the fabric are arranged to pass,while the warp threads are guided between the reeds y their guide bars.These reeds are provided with laterally extending arms 29 which areconnected to a rod 30 by set screws 31 to form a rigid structure.

Connected to the angle levers 25 at each side of the machine are links32 which are in turn conother at their lower ends by means of a rod 40.The tufting warp threads 41 are led from the usual rack around a uidebar 42, thence around a feed roll 43, w ich is operated as hereinafterdescribed, and from the feed roll these warp threads pass around asecond guide rod 44 slightly above the shaft 39. These tufting warpthreads then pass downwardly around the. rod 40, and from ,therethroughthe eyes/22 in thezguide bars 21.: To oscillate the rod 40 in prder tomaintain the tufting warp threads under tension when the guide bars 21are in both positions, I provide a connection such as the links 45 ateach side of the "machine which are connected to the ends of thelevers39 and to levers 46 connected to the supporting rod 24 for the tuftingwarp guide bars,'so that the rod 40 will be oscillated in timed relationwith the tufting warp guide bars to maintain the same under tension.Connected to the shaft of the feed roller 43 isia ratchet wheel 47, and48 is a pawl arm which. is arranged to oscillate on the shaft of thefeed roll 43. Connected to the arm- 48 is a link 49, which is adjustablyconnected to one of the links 33, the arrangement being such that thefeed roll is moved a predetermined distance for each throw of thetufting warp guide bars.

4 J ournaled in the frame of the machine is a main driving shaft 50having a clutch member 51 mounted thereon, which is arranged tobe movedinto clutching engagement with the main driving pulley 52 by means ofclutching mechanism 53, which is arranged to be-actuated by a hand lever54 at the front of the loom. Connected to the shaft 50 is a-- bevel gearwheel 55 which meshes with a bevel gear wheel 56 on the stub shaft 57.,Connected to this shaft 57 1s a spur. gear 58 which meshes with a spurgear 59 on the shaft 6, and which shaft is connected by suitable gearingto the shaft 15, so that the lay shuttle throwin levers and heddleframes will be actuated 1n timed relation to each other. Connected tothe shaft 6 by means of a spline so as to be rotated thereby but permitit to move longitudinally thereon is a car wheel 60, which meshes with agear w eel 61 on the shaft 38 for rotating the cams to actuate thetufting warp guide bars. The ratio of the gears 60 and 61 is twoto one,so that "the tu ting nae warp guides will be moved downwardly after onethrow of the shuttles and then be moved upwardly after the next throw ofthe shuttles, to place the tufting warp threads about the weft threads.

Connected to the frame of the machine is a lever 62 having an eye inwhich the hub of the gear wheel 60 is rotatably mounted and which isarranged to shift the gear 60 in a longitudinal direction alongthe shaft6 to disconnect it from the gear wheel (il, in order to throw thetufting warp thread controlling mechanism out of action, as hereinafterdescribed.

In Fig. 11 I have shown a longitudinal section through a portion of thefabric made on this loom, and in which A and A designate the binder warpthreads of the upper ply of the fabric, while the characters B and Bdesignate the binder warp threads of the lower fabric. n designates thetuft ing warp threads, and A and A1 designate the weft threads of theupper and lower plies of the fabric respectively.

The operation of the device is follows:

ASSllllllllg that the loom has been threaded and a portion of the fabricformed with the parts in. the position shown in Fig. l, the shuttleswill be thrown between the upper and lower sets of binder warp threadsalong, the points designated D and D. The upper weft thread A will liebelow the warp threads .i-i and above the warp threads A, while thelower weft threads A will lie below warp threads E, and above the warpthreads B and the tufting warp threads 4:1. The lay is then movedforward to beat up the fabric, and during the movement of the lay thetufting warp guide bars will be moved to the position shown in Fig. 3 bymeans of operating mechanism to pull the tufting warp threads about'theweft threads A and to place the tufting warp threads above all of thebinder warp threads, and at the same time the heddle frames will beshifted to reverse the positions of the binder warp threads of bothsets. The shuttle is then thrown and the lay again moved forward to beatup the fabric, and during the next movement the positions of the tuftwarp threads will be shifted to that shown in Fig. l. After apredetermined length of fabric has been made to form a mat or a seriesof mats on the loom, the gear wheel 60 is shifted laterallyto throw thetufting warp thread controlling mechanism out of action, and a portionof plain fabric is woven indicated in the-central portion of Fig. 11,the tufting warp threads merely lying between the plies of fabric. Aftera predetermined amount of plain fabric has been woven the tufting warpthread mechanism is again thrown into action and the operation isrepeated. The fabric is then out along the dotted. line X-JZ shown inFig. 11 to separate the two trolling shuttles between the warps for ea1h pivoted fabrics and to form two sets of n ats, the edges of each arethen finished in any desired manner.

The advantages of my invention result from the provision. of a loomhaving means for weaving a double ply fabric, together with means forguiding and placing tufting warp threads about the weft thread in oneply of the fabric after one throw of the shuttles, and then placing thetnfting warp threads about the weft thread of the other ply after thenext throw of the shuttles; furthermore, from the provision of means for-gaging the distance between "the two fabrics. together with take-upi'neclnmism for maintaining the tufting warp threads under tension inthe extreme positions of the tuftulgg warp guide bars; also from theprovision of means feeding and guiding the tufting warp threads betweenthe sets ofbinder warp threads,

.l claim:

1. A loom weaving; double fabric, comprising a set of arp thread guidesfor each set of fabric, means for actuating said guides, a weft shuttlefor each ply, means for throwing said shuttles to lay the weft thrndbetween the warp threads of each ply in each piclna plurality oftuft-lug warp thread guides arranged to lay the tu'ltingsii warp aroundalternate weit threads both plies, the of said guides being; in front ofthe warp thread guides, so as to i all the tufting warp threads towardthe vroven fabric when elevating or lowering the tufting warp thread.guides beyond the center of the fabric, substantially as describe 2. Aloom for weaving a double ply fabric, con'iprising means for feeding aplufality of sets of binder warp threads for each.

ply, weft thread shuttle actuating niechan1sm for each ply of fabric, aplurality of oscillating tufting warp thread guides for feeding, tuftingwarp threads between the sets of binder warp threads of the two fab- 11orics, means to maintain the tufting warp threads under tensionconnected. to and operated with the means to lay the tufting warpthreads, and means for oscillating said tuft thread guides to place thewarp threads around alternate weft threads in the two plies of fabric;substantially as described.

3. A loom for weaving a double ply fabric, comprising a lay, reeds onsaid lay, means for oscillating said lay, means for feeding a pluralityof sets of binder warp through said reeds, means for reversing thepositions of the binder warps for forming each fabric, means forthrowing weft confabric after each reversal, a plurality of oscillatingtuft warp threae guides located between the different s 'e: on for eachfabric, said reread ,guir

to oscillate about an axis trolling shuttles between the warps for eachfabric after each reversal, a plurality of oscillating tuft warp threadguides located between the different series of warps for each fabric, afulcrum for said tufting warp thread guides in front of the reeds, meansfor oscillating said warp guides to place the tuft warp threads aroundalternate weft threads in each fabric, and a take-updevice nccting saitufting warp guide bars to the for maintaining the tuft warp threadsunder tension; substantially as described.

5. A loom for weaving a double ply fabric, comprisin means foroscillating said lay, means for feeding a plurality of sets of binderwarp through said reeds, means for reversing the positions of the binderwarps for forming each fabric, means for throwing weft controllingshuttles between the warps for each fabric after each reversal, aplurality of oscillating tuft warp thread guides located between thedifferent series of warps for each fabric, a fulcrum for said tuftingwarp thread guides in front of the rearward position of the reeds, meansfor oscillating said warp guides to place the tuft warp threads aroundalternate weft threads in each fabric, a tension device for maintainingthe tuft warp threads under tension connected to and arranged to beactuated with the tuftin warp thread guides, means to actuate saidtuftlng warp thread guides, and means for feeding tuft warp threads;substantially as described. 6. A loom for weaving double pl fabric, eachply comprising a plurality of sets of binder war threads and a pluralityof weft threads, to ting warp thread guide bars for laying the tuftingwarps around some of the weft threads of each ply, said guide barshaving eyes therethrough between the ends thereof for the tufting warpthreads,and an arm extending beyond the eye at an angle to the mainportions of the bars, said arms being of suflicient length to formguides for the various sets of binder warp threads of the two plies, anoscillating device for said tufting war guide bars, and means forconoscillating device; scribed.

7. A rigid tufting warp thread uide bar for looms, having an eye for thet read besubstantially as dea lay, reeds onsaid lay,

thread between the war 7 I reeds or 'beatin up the tween-its ends, meansfor connecting one end of said bar to an actuatln member, an arm 3prising a set of warp thread guides for each ply of said fabric, meansfor actuating said guides, a weft shuttle for each ply, means forthrowing said shuttles to laythe weft thread between the warp threads ofeach ply,

a lay having reeds for beatin up the weft threads, a luralityof oscilating tufting warp threa guides arranged to la the tuft- 'ing warparound the weft threa s of both plies, the axis of said guides lyingwithin the plane of the fabric and approximately in line with-the frontsof the reeds when the i lay is in its forward position, and means tooscillate said tuft warp thread guides, substantially-as described.

9 A loom for weaving double fabric, comprising a set of warp threadguides for each ply (if said fabric, means for actuating said guides, aweft shuttle for each' ply, means for throwing said shuttles to lay theweft threads of each ply, a lay havin weft threads, a %urality ofoscillating tuftin warp threa guides arranged to la 'flhe tu ftin warparound the weft threa sof both'p ies, the axis of said guides-lyingwithin the plane of the fabric and approximately in line with the frontsof the reeds when the lay is in its forward position, said tufting warpthread guides each havingl'a projecting member beyond the guide w chextends beyond the warp threads of both plies when the guides are intheir elevated posit ons, substantially as described. 1

1,0. A loom for weaving doublefa'bric, comprising a set ,of'warp threadguides for each ply of said fabric, means for actuating said guides, aweft shuttle for each ply, means for throwing said shuttles to laytheweft threads between their respectivewa threads, a lay for beating upthe we threads, a plurality of oscillating tufting warp thread guidesarranged to lay the tufts ing warp threads "around the weftthreads ofboth plies, a fixed guide for the tuftin warp threads, an oscillatingrod between t e oscillatin guides and the fixed guide about which t etufting warp threads are arranged to pass, actuating levers for theoscillatlng rod, actuating links connected to said levers, and leversconnected to the oscillatlng tufting war thread guides, said leversbelng connecte to said links at points approxlmately in line with theeyes of the oscillating tufted warp thread guides, the arrangement beingsuch that the tufting Warp threads in their passage from the fixed guideover the oscillating bar and the oscillating guides are constantlymaintained under tension, substantially as described.

11. A loom for weaving double fabric, comprising a set of Warp threadguides .ior each ply of said fabric, means for actuating said guides, aweft shuttle for each ply, means for throwing said shuttles to lay theWeft threads between their respective Warp threads, a lay for beating upthe n'ett threads, a" plurality of oscillating tuiting Warp thread uidesarranged to lay the tufting Warp threads around the weft threads of bothplies, a fixed guide for tutting warp threads, an oscillating rodbetween the os cillating guides and the fixed guide about which thetufting warp threads are arranged to pass, actuatin levers for theoscillating rod, actuating links connected to said levers, and leversconnected to the oscillatinn lnftmg: warp thread guides said leversbeing connected to said links at points approximately in line with theeyes of the oscillating tufted warp thread guides, the arrangement beingsuch that the lu'lling \varp threads in their passage from the fixedguide over the oscillating" bar and the oscillating guides areconstantly maintained under tension, and positivel actuated means forfeeding the tufling warp threads; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

WELLLiM F. ASTLEY.

Witnesses Jnssn B. M. Coawrn,

